MEDICAL EDUCATION ON RISK FACTORS AND SYMPTOMS OF SKIN CANCER

As our on-going topic is on medical education on Skin Cancer now in this post we are going to elaborate various risk factors along with sign and Symptoms for skin cancer. If you want to read our previous article on the “What is Skin Cancer” you can CLICK HERE to get the access.

RISK FACTORS FOR SKIN CANCER

These are the factors which increase the chances of skin cancer means they aggravate the existing or the occurrence of a disease. These risk factors may be environmental or hereditary. A person can change his/her life style to get rid of these risk factors. So here are some of the risk factors which increase the chances to get skin cancer:

FAIR SKIN PEOPLE: People having Fair skin, fair hairs, blue eyes are more prone to have skin cancer because these people have insufficient skin pigmentation to protect the underlying tissues from the harmful radiations & they get affected by ultraviolet radiations very easily & have skin cancer easily.

SUN EXPOSURE: The people who are having chronic sun exposure means the people who are exposed to sun since a long time such as in some type of occupations like farming, laboring etc. are more prone to have skin cancer.

CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS: Exposure of workers to some factory chemicals such as arsenic, nitrates, coal, tar, oils, paraffin etc increases the chances to get the skin cancer.

ELDERLY PEOPLE: Elderly people are prone to have skin cancer because they are having sun damaged skin due to prolong exposure to sun & due to ageing factors.

PREVIOUS X-RAY THERAPY: people who are having a history of previous x-ray therapy for acne treatment etc are at a increased risk to get skin cancer.

GENETIC FACTORS: People who are having first or second degree relatives with skin cancer they are also at an increased risk to have skin cancer because the cancerous gene can transfer from parents to children.

SIGN & SYMPTOMS OF SKIN CANCER

The features of skin cancer depends upon the different types of the cells which they involve so some of the features of skin cancer according to the cell or tissue involvement are here, which a person can identify only by seeing them:

Basal cell carcinoma usually begins as a small, waxy nodule with rolled, pearly borders & usually appears in the most sun exposed area. As these nodules grow they undergo crusting & these are usually not spread to surrounding structures.

Squamous cell carcinomas develop from the epidermis & are of greater concern because in these chances of metastasis are more. These are usually appear on sun damaged area but may be developed from the normal skin. These appear as rough, thickened, scaly tumor that may be symptom free or may involve bleeding. There is more inflammation (swelling) at the borders of these tumors as compared to basal cell carcinoma & are also wider. Exposed area especially upper extremities, face, lower lip, ears, nose & forehead are common sites.

Malignant melanomas are characterized by brown, black mixed with gray, blue black or white circular lesions with irregular borders. The margins of the lesion may be flat or elevated. Some types of malignant melanomas are also spherical, blueberry shaped with a smooth, uniform surface. These can be described as a blood blister that fails to resolve. These types of melanomas invade the dermis so these are metastatic means spread from one site (organ) to another site & this is the reason that the cure rate of this type of skin cancer is very poor.

In our Next Medical Health Education article we are going to discussed Various Treatment Techniques to get rid of Skin Cancer. So we with us continuously and we will post very soon….

HEALTH CARE TIPS TO PREVENT YOUR SKIN FROM SKIN CANCER

MEDICAL EDUCATION ON THE PREVENTION OF SKIN CANCER

Skin is the most important part of the body which acts as a protecting shield for body. Now as we are providing Medical education on Skin cancer in the last article we discussed about “What is Skin Cancer? And it’s Type”. If you wish to read that one article then CLICKS HERE. After that article, now we are going to share some important Health tips to take care of your skin and prevent your skin from major type of Cancer known as Skin Cancer. So here are some Basic Health caring tips to take care of your skin:

1). HOW TO USE SUNSCREEN ON YOUR SKIN

The most effective way to prevent your-self from skin cancer is to use sunscreen. These sunscreen creams or lotions provide a healthy shield to your skin and save it from skin tan, darkening caused by sun’s Ultraviolet (UVA) rays. These sunscreens protect our skin against all forms of UV damage, sunburn, premature ageing & skin cancer.

Use sunscreens of SPF (sun protection factor) which suits your skin. Sunscreens are rated according to SPF (Sun Protection Factor) & it is from SPF 4 (weakest) to SPF 50 (highest). The choice of SPF depends how long a person can stay in the sun without start reddening.

Before going outside always use a sunscreen to block harmful UV radiations.

Remember to apply the sunscreen to your body at least 30 minutes before going outside in the Sun.

Preferably use a water resistant sun screen.

Use a sunscreen of SPF more than 15 to protect yourself from both ultraviolet-A & ultraviolet-B radiations. SPF 15 sunscreen is mostly suitable to all skin types.

Reapply the sunscreen every 3 hourly if you are working for a prolonged period of time or you are sweating profusely to have the shielding effect for a prolonged time.

Use a lip balm of SPF 15 or more.

2). AVOID THE FOLLOWING THINGS

Avoid unnecessary exposure to sun, especially during the mid day when the ultra violet radiations are more intense that is from 11 am to 3 pm.

If your skin gets tanning & burning very easily then avoid too much skin exposure.

3). REMEMBER THE FOLLOWING THINGS ALWAYS

Always remember that ultraviolet rays can penetrate the loosely woven clothes so always use a sunscreen cream whenever, wherever you go out.

Always remember that ultraviolet radiations can penetrate clouds also so always use a sunscreen of appropriate SPF in cloudy weather also.

Always wear fully covered clothes that are full sleeves clothes, hat & sunglasses.

Awareness and prevention is the most important factor to save your family and yourself from such type of Health problems. So be careful and protect yourself from such type of cancers. We hope that you liked our initiation toward the Health awareness online to make each and every healthy.

WHAT IS SKIN CANCER AND VARIOUS TYPES OF SKIN CANCER

MEDICAL EDUCATION ON SKIN CANCER

INTRODUCTION:  What is Skin Cancer?

Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the World. It mainly affects the labourers, road workers. Skin cancer mainly affects the skin of the face, neck & the other parts are mostly exposed to sun & the ultraviolet radiation. Awareness and quality medical education about skin cancer can prevent a person of having skin cancer. 

As skin cancer is easily detectable and is the most successfully treated type of cancer. Early diagnosis and skin cancer treatment can lead to preventing its metastatic (spreading to other organs) form. Extreme exposure to sun & ultraviolet radiations is the main & primarily cause of developing skin cancer.

TYPES OF SKIN CANCER

Types of skin cancer depend upon the type of cells from where they have developed. Our skin is made up of different layers so the name & type of tumor is on the basis of the layer from where they have developed. Mainly there are three types of skin cancer which are further categories into different types. The different types & description of these types are as follows:

1). BENIGN SKIN TUMOR

2). BASAL CELL & SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA

3). MALIGNANT CELL TUMOR

1). BENIGN SKIN TUMOR: These are the tumors that are localized only to the site where they develop means they don’t have the tendency to spread to nearby organs. These are as follows:

CYSTS: These are the types of tumors that are developed from the epithelium layer & are characterized by the cavities that contain fluid or solid material. These may also develop from the sebaceous (sweat) glands.

WARTS: This type of benign tumor caused by infection with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). These usually develop on the sole of foot or in the genital area & are sexually transmitted.

ANGIOMAS: These develop from the subcutaneous tissue of the skin. They are present at the time of birth as violet-red patches & later in volute with-in first year of life as port wine angiomas.

MOLES: These are yellowish brown to black in colour & are flat lesions that contain hair inside it. These can lead to malignancy so the removal in earlier stages is very important to prevent malignancy.

KELOIDS: These are the overgrowth of fibrous tissue at the site of a scar or trauma. These are more common in the dark skin people.

DERMATOFIBROMA: These are the benign tumors of the connective tissues & are mainly develop in the extremities. These are skin colured or bright pink in colour.

2). BASAL CELL & SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA:

a). BASAL CELL CARCINOMA: It is the most common type of skin cancer & generally appear on the sun exposed area of people who are exposed to intense sun. It is small, waxy nodule mostly appear on face. It undergoes central ulceration & crusting as grows. The chances of metastasis are very low but the chances of re-occurrence are very high.

b). SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA: It is malignant type developed from the epidermis. It appears on the sun damaged area. It is metastasized by the blood or lymphatic system, this type of cancer is mainly responsible for cancer deaths.

3). MALIGNANT CELL TUMOR: In this type of cancer melanocytes are present in the dermis, epidermis or sometimes in the subcutaneous tissues. The main cause of the malignant tumors is ultra violet radiations. This type of cancer is more lethal than other types.

In the upcoming article on Medical education we will share various Health caring tips those will help you in preventing your Skin from Skin cancer. So Check out our Next upcoming article on “ MEDICAL HEALTH CARE TIPS TO PREVENT SKIN CANCER ” .

 

MEDICAL EDUCATION ON DRY EYE SYNDROME ALONG WITH EYE CARING HEALTH TIPS

Medical Health Education on Eye Care Tips

TAKE CARE OF YOUR EYES……

The dry eye syndrome is a common condition, caused due to various lifestyle factors like air pollution, smoking, vehicular smoke, excessive use of gadgets like computers, iPods, mobiles, and the also use of air conditioners, heaters etc. Other factors like sedentary habits, excessive use of various cosmetics and chemicals can have an impact on the quality of our vision.

Hormonal changes are also a cause of the dry eye syndrome (DES); causing changes in tear production e.g. menopausal women are most often affected by dry eye. Older men are also affected by this problem. Nearly 50 percent of the population suffers from this problem. However, it is more prevalent among women and older individuals.

What is Dry eye syndrome?

Sometimes people don't produce enough tears or the right quality of tears to keep their eyes healthy and moist. 

This condition is known as dry eye. In a normal eye there is a tear film in front of the cornea that lubricates, nourishes, and protects the eye from dust and other irritants. Spread by blinking (about every six seconds), it keeps the surface of the eye optically clear and smooth, and also protects from infection. 

This film has several layers of fluid viz. the lipid, or oil layer; the watery layer; and mucus layer and is not like ordinary water in its composition. 

All three layers of tears in human eyes are very necessary for the proper lubrication. The Persons with dry eye syndrome have tears that are mostly water and evaporate quickly, providing little protection to the eye.

Symptoms:

Dry eyes are dry, irritated and uncomfortable eyes. Sometimes excess production of water from the lachrymal gland in dry eyes results in watery eyes.

Other symptoms include eye strain, sensitivity to light, headache, blurred vision, pain and foreign body sensation, itching in the eyes, red or burning eyes. Even repeated splashing of water in the eyes does not give any relief, instead, it worsens the condition.

People prone to DES may also find their eyes feel more uncomfortable after reading or watching television at a stretch. Constant eye strain can result in headaches or neck-ache, which may be the leading symptom.

If not treated early the dry eyes can progress to ulcer formation and opacity of the cornea resulting in permanent loss of vision.

Health Tips to prevent dry eyes:

Avoid direct blowing of air in eyes from hair dryers, car heaters, air conditioners or fans.

Add moisture to the air e g a humidifier can add moisture to indoor air.

While swimming wear wraparound glasses or eyeglass shields or swim goggles.

Take frequent breaks while reading some document or working on your PC (Personal Computer). Blink your eyes frequently.

Be aware of your environment. Air at high altitudes, desert areas and in the airplanes can be really dry. Close eyes repeatedly to minimise evaporation.

Position the computer screen below eye level. This will slow the evaporation of tears between eye blinks.

Stop smoking and avoid vehicular and other smoke.

Always Wear the sunglasses when you are outside to reduce the harmful exposure of sun, wind and dust to your eyes.

Do not use any eye drops meant for the normal eyes.

Avoid long term contact lens wear. Avoid surgery that involves making incisions in or removing tissue from the cornea i.e. laser correction of myopia, if you have dry eye problem.

Treatment: Eye drops called artificial tears are used as substitute tears. If you need to use artificial tears more than every 2 hr, preservative-free brands may be better for you. These lubricate the eyes and help maintain moisture. 

The use of cyclosporine drops, work by stimulating tear production. It treats the underlying inflammation that's causing the problem, but only 25 percent to 30 percent of patients are benefited and cyclosporine doesn't work in every patient. 

Steroid eye drops may also be used occasionally. Surgical options include Lacrisert, a tiny insert filled with a lubricating ingredient (hydroxylpropyl cellulose) placed just inside the lower eyelid, where it constantly releases the lubrication. 

Another option is to close outlet channels temporarily with plugs to conserve your own tears and make artificial tears last longer. One more option is to permanently seal the opening of tear ducts by using heat cautery. Supplementary measures may include drinking more water to improve general hydration of the body, treating any inflammation of the lids and the measures mentioned under prevention.

Some individuals may find dry eye relief by supplementing their diet with Omega-3 fatty acids, which are found naturally in foods like oily fish (salmon, sardines, anchovies) and flax seeds.

That’s it about this Medical education on Dry eye syndrome. Take care of your eyes by using these precaution and prevention. If you do not take it seriously then you will lose your vision….Have a healthy and bright life ahead….

Sources: News Paper and books.

WOMEN HEALTH EDUCATION ON MENOPAUSE - How homeopathy helps in menopause?

Medical Health Education on Women Health

How homeopathy helps in menopause?

Menopause Means when the Menses (period) of a Women Stopped suddenly…

THERE is often a fear in the minds of women about menopause. Many misconceptions are prevalent about this natural event in the life of a woman. It is important to understand what menopause is and why it happens. The literal meaning of the word is pause or cessation of menses. Menopause is a natural, physiological and perfectly normal event in a woman's life, so there is no need to worry because It is not a disease. It just signals the end of the fertile period in a woman. It usually happens in the early fifties to early sixties but some women may experience it earlier too.

The process: The ovaries contain millions of eggs at the time of birth. These eggs die as the age progresses. Only a fraction of these eggs remain when a woman reaches her fifties(50 Years). Moreover, the ovaries become resistant to the effect of the Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), the hormone responsible for the occurrence of ovulation. The hormone oestrogen that is produced primarily by the ovaries has many roles in the functioning of blood vessels, the heart, the breasts and the uterus. At the time of menopause the ovaries stop the producing oestrogen. Reduction in the oestrogen levels in the body is responsible for a large number of symptoms that occur during and after menopause.

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Symptoms

The most common symptoms are mood swings, hot flashes, palpitation and anxiety, bouts of perspiration, headache, sleeplessness and irritability. Most of these symptoms occur because of the deficiency of oestrogen. Oestrogen is known to protect the body from coronary artery disease and brain strokes. That is why the incidence of heart disease and brain stroke is less in premenopausal women as compared to men. After menopause this protection is lost and the incidence of these diseases increases in women manifold. Bone density is also reduced much faster after menopause in women vis-à-vis men of a similar age and osteoporosis becomes more common. Lining of the vaginal wall atrophies and the mucous production is reduced causing dryness in the vagina. This leads to pain during intercourse and also frequent infections.

Diet and supplement Soya products have been found to alleviate heat flashes and perspiration as it contains high levels of phytoestrogen, also known as 'plant oestrogen'. To pre-vent loss in bone density, calcium intake, whether in form of diet as found in milk and yoghurt, or as supplements, is helpful.

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Role of homoeopathy

Homoeopathic medicines are made from highly-diluted natural substances. These do not contain any synthetic hormones and are perfectly safe for the treatment of symptoms associated with menopause. Homoeopathic medicines like Lachesis, Sepia, Sulphur and Pulsatilla are often used for the treatment of the symptoms being experienced by menopausal women. These medicines are highly effective in curing all problems that occur during the menopausal period. It is pertinent to mention here that all medicines mentioned above need the expert supervision of an experienced doctor and do not afford any chance of self medication.

For more article on various Health tips on women health as well as on Men health continue your visit with Tricky Health……

By: Dr. Harsh Sharma

Sources: News Paper and books.

BREAST CANCER EDUCATION ON BREAST SELF EXAMINATION TECHNIQUE

BREAST SELF EXAMINATION

We are going to gives you the Medical Health Education on Breast Self Examination. In this post, we will let you know how you can examine your breast to check that you have breast cancer or not. In our previous articles on Breast Cancer Education, we discussed what is breast Cancer and Various Risk Factors and Symptoms. We hope that you read out those articles as well but if you did not read those articles, we are suggesting you read those articles before reading this one. You can access those articles by CLICK HERE.

Breast self-examination (BSE) is a very helpful method to detect any breast abnormality if it is done on a regular basis. Detecting breast cancer at its earlier stages is very important to seek the medical treatment as soon as possible so the main thing is to detect it by oneself own efforts so in this article of Breast Cancer education we are telling you about how to do when to do and who can do. We also use the images with each step given below on breast self-examination for the proper understanding of the viewers.

WHEN TO DO BREAST SELF EXAMINATION?

Menstruating women: A regular menstruating woman should do this exercise after menses (that is day 5 to day 7, by counting the first day of menses as day 1).

Menopausal women: Women who have stopped menses known as Menopausal women. A menopausal woman should fix a date of every month and should do it on that date.

STEPS INCLUDE IN BREAST SELF EXAMINATION (BSE)

STEP(1)

Stand in front of your mirror and observe for any discharge from the breast, any dimpling of the breast tissue.

Observe the both breasts carefully to observe the change in the shape, size & symmetry of the breast.

Look at the image shown with this step.

 STEP(2)

In this step you have to move your hands to the behind of your head and press your hands to front and then check for any change in the contour of your breast.

Also see for any change in the shape of your breasts from one another.

Take a look on the attaching image with this step for proper understanding.

STEP(3)

In this step bow slightly towards the mirror and press your hands on your hips as you pull your shoulder & elbow forward.

Here note any change in the contour of your breast.

Saw the attaching image carefully for proper understanding of this position.

STEP(4)

Raise your left arm. Then feel the left armpit with the flat parts of your right hand fingers in a circular motion then proceed feeling firstly to the outer edge of your breast then to the inner part towards nipple.

Pay more attention to the area between the armpit & breast. Feel for any unusual lump or masses in the breast tissue.

Repeat the same for right arm in the same fashion.

STEP(5)

In this step lie down on your back with your left hand under your head & keep a pillow under your shoulder. Now repeat the above steps (step-4). Also repeat same for right arm. If you notice any lump or mass in the breast then consult a gynaecologist as early as possible.

CONCLUSION

By following the above steps you can detect any breast abnormality at early stages. Breast self-examination is very easy, economic & reliable method as one can do it on her own at her home setting &at any time. So it is very important to do this. That’s it about this technique for more related information on Medical Health Education continues your visit.

By: Dr. SL Sharma.

DIAGNOSIS AND HEALTH CARE TIPS FOR PREVENTING VIRAL HEPATITIS

In our last article on health care education, we learned about Viral Hepatitis and various types of these viruses. Now In this article, we are going to explain the diagnosis and health care tips for the prevention of these viruses. If you still not read our previous medical education article on Viral Hepatitis and Its Types then you can CLICK HERE to read that one.

Medical Education on Diagnosis of Viral Hepatitis: 

Clinically all these viruses cause hepatitis and cannot be distinguished only by symptoms but by simple blood tests. Most of these lab tests are ELISA based.

* Chronic viral hepatitis may present differently depending on, whether liver cirrhosis and/or liver cancer is existing. Important manifestations are fatigue, weight loss, jaundice, swelling of legs and abdomen, anorexia, fever, arthritis, coma and gastro-intestinal bleeding. These patients, in addition, may present with symptoms related to kidney, joints or skin.

* Chronic viral hepatitis B and C are among the most common cause of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer (HCC), globally. Hepatitis B alone causes over 50 percent of all liver cancers and 33 percent of all liver cirrhosis, globally. Liver cancer (HCC) is a highly malignant tumor with aver-age survival of 3-6 months.

However, if diagnosed early by imaging modalities and blood tests, patients may be cured by liver surgery which includes liver transplantation. This facility is available across many hospitals in India as well all over the world.

Various Health's caring Prevention to save yourself from these Viruses:

1). General Prevention that we should take care: Simple measures like proper chlorination of water, boiling of water, replacing damaged or leaking sewerage pipes, ensuring safe and hygienic drinking water supply at all times can prevent infection.

2). Medical Treatment Prevention: The hepatitis A infection can also be prevented by hepatitis A vaccine. The first dose is followed by a second dose after six to 12 months. This is a safe vaccine and is highly effective, with protective antibodies being formed in over 95 per cent of vaccinated people. Combination of hepatitis A and B vaccine is also commercially available. Besides children, it is also recommended for:

1. Patients with pre existing liver disease like cirrhosis.
2. Those travelling to a highly endemic area.
3. People who have an occupational hazard for expo-sure to hepatitis A virus.
4. Hepatitis E vaccine was launched in China last year.

Three doses—at day 0, one month and six months — are given intramuscularly, in the arm. Hepatitis E vaccine is safe in pregnancy. Its efficacy in preventing hepatitis E infection for the last three years has already been shown. This vaccine will especially be useful for patients with a pre-existing liver disease like cirrhosis, in which hepatitis E can cause a ACLF. Hepatitis E vaccine is still not available in India and most of the world.

3). Blood-borne hepatitis can be prevented by safe medical and surgical practices, by screening all blood donors for HBV, HCV and HIV, refusing blood donation from commercial/professional donors, using disposable and sterilised needles and syringes, avoiding recycling of needles, syringes and other medical equipment, avoiding sharing of needles/syringes among IVDU, taking proper precautions during haemodialysis, and vaccinating all pregnant women.

In fact, WHO recommends universal hepatitis B vaccination for everybody. If a family member tests positive for hepatitis B or C infection, following precautions should be observed:

Avoid sharing safety razor, razor blades.

Avoid sharing hair brush, comb, nail cutter and clipper.

Practice safe sex.

Avoid alcohol.

Don’t be a blood donor.

Have a regular medical follow-up to ensure that the disease does not progress to cirrhosis and liver cancer.

As we all know that prevention and cure is the most important factor to get recover from your sickness. So dear reader Continue your visit with us on to the path of medical Health Education.

HEALTH EDUCATION ON VIRAL HEPATITIS: NEED FOR AWARENESS

Hepatitis is a very serious condition, which may lead to liver cirrhosis, liver failure as well as liver cancer.

VIRAL hepatitis puts a tremendous burden on society. Chronic viral hepatitis, which can cause liver cirrhosis and /or liver cancer, is fatal. Apart from the medical consequences, this also puts a huge economic burden by repeated hospitalisations and costly medical treatment. Acute viral hepatitis, apart from causing sporadic cases of jaundice, can cause epidemics affecting thousands of people. Rarely, a patient of acute viral hepatitis may die of liver failure.

Types of Virus: There are various types of viruses that cause hepatitis. These viruses are as follows Virus A, B, C, D & E. All these dangerous viruses can cause inflammation of the liver, which is medically called viral hepatitis.

The symptoms can include— loss of appetite, vomiting, fever, jaundice, joint and muscle pain, and weight loss are the major symptoms.

All these viruses can cause acute viral hepatitis. If the liver inflammation persists beyond six months, it is labelled as chronic hepatitis. Maximum mortality is caused by chronic hepatitis, which is a serious condition and which, over the decades, may lead to liver cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer, thereby causing death.

Disease burden: According to WHO, globally every third person has evidence of viral hepatitis. There are over 500 million people are living with chronic hepatitis B and C, out of which India has 33 million chronic hepatitis B cases and 13 million chronic hepatitis C patients. The Asia-Pacific region carries an estimated 75 percent of the total global burden of chronic hepatitis B. Annually 1.4 million deaths occur globally.

Global mortality of hepatitis E is over 300,000 annually. Globally, there are an estimated 1.5 million hepatitis infection cases annually.

Water-borne and blood-borne viruses

Hepatitis A and E are waterborne and are frequently seen in poor sanitary conditions. These are spread mostly by drinking faecal contaminated water and/ or food. These are the most common causes of acute viral hepatitis in the Asia-Pacific region and may also cause epidemics when thousands of people are affected by the outbreak of jaundice.

These do not cause chronic hepatitis. Most of the mortality caused by hepatitis A is due to the rare event of acute liver failure, which may be seen in one in 1,000 children, and up to two per 100 adults.

Both these viruses have a devastating effect if a person has pre-existing liver disease, a condition called acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), which has a high morbidity and mortality.

Hepatitis B, C and D are blood borne and are spread by transfusion of infected blood, infected needles and /or syringes, infected haemodialysis equipment, sharing of infected needle and/ or syringe among intra-venous drug users (IVDU), occupational hazards by needle-prick injury, promiscuous sexual behaviour etc.

These modes of transmission are called horizontal transmission. Particularly in hepatitis B infection, mother passes on the infection to the new born. This is called vertical transmission and a common mode of infection in Asian countries. Delta virus is a defective virus, which can only infect people who are already infected with hepatitis B.

In the Next article of Medical Health care we will post Various Health tips on Prevention of Water Borne Viruses and The Diagnosis of Hepatitis Viral Infection. So we with us on Health care Education.

Now you can visit here for our next health care article on  Diagnosis and Prevention of Viral Hepatitis

HEALTH EDUCATION ON MAJOR SKIN DISEASES KNOWN AS URTICARIA (RASHES)

MEDICAL HEALTH EDUCATION ON COMMON SKIN PROBLEM KNOWN AS URTICARIA (RASHES)

INTRODUCTION: A common skin trouble that affects many people is the sudden appearance of red rashes on the skin, which may occur totally unannounced and take one by surprise. The moment one feels some itching, one is inclined to scratch the part and immediately after scratching the part, red rashes or wheals appear on the skin. These rashes or wheals may itch or burn and may stay for some time after which they settle down. In medical parlance, this condition is known as urticaria. Urticaria or “hives” as known in English is derived from a Latin word “urtica” which means nettles though urticaria has nothing to do with nettles except that it causes itching and stinging as caused by the weeds of the nettle family.

CHARACTERISTICS OF URTICARIA:

• Characterised by the development of red rashes that itch, burn and sting.
• Urticaria can crop up on any area of the skin, including the face, arms, lips or eyes.
• The red wheals may be small in size and separated from each other by areas of normal skin or may coalesce together to form a single large area of eruption.

CAUSES OF URTICARIA:

1). ALLERGY: Usually, allergies are the cause of this trouble though it is difficult to pinpoint the exact allergen. Most of the time the offending allergen is too inconspicuous to be detected accurately. This makes it difficult to avoid the recurrence of this trouble as one does not come to know the source of the trouble.

2). ALLERGY TO FOOD ITEMS: Some people may be allergic to common articles of food as chocolates, nuts, wheat or milk.

3). EXPOSURE TO EXTREME OF TEMPERATURE: Other known causes of urticaria are exposure to cold, heat, sun, alcohol, drugs, exercise and emotional stress.

TYPES OF URTICARIA:

• DERMOGRAPHISM: The urticaria caused by minor pressure or scratching of the skin is known as dermographism.
• SOLAR URTICARIA: Some people get hives on going out in the sun known as solar urticaria.
• COLD URTICARIA: Exposure to cold can also cause urticaria in some patients. In extreme cases of allergy, wheezing respiration and unconsciousness may accompany the skin symptoms.
• CHOLINERGIC URTICARIA: It is another form of urticaria which is triggered by exercise, heat or emotions.

CHEMICAL REACTION IN BODY DURING URTICARIA:

The swelling that is seen in the skin rashes is caused by the leakage of blood plasma out of the vessels into the extracellular space. This remains limited only to the superficial layer of the skin and is caused by histamine which is released from the mast cells. Besides allergic reactions certain chemicals in foods and drugs can also lead to the release of histamine.

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HEALTH CARE TIPS ON TREATMENT OF URTICARIA:

1). More often than not, the rashes and the wheals sub-side on their own after some time but are quite distressing for the time they last. They come suddenly, last for a while and fade away on their own. Intense itching prompts one to scratch and often there is bleeding from the areas as the skin is peeled off by scratching. In some cases, scratching does not relieve the itching and may even cause more itching and may spread to the adjacent areas.

2). Applying coconut oil or Vaseline usually helps in relieving the itching and is the better course of action as compared to scratching with one’s nail which can expose the skin to further infection by bacteria and viruses.

3). Role of homoeopathy: The commonly used homoeopathic medicines for the treatment of urticaria are Apis, Natrum Mur, Mezereum, Dulcama-ra and Calcarea Carb. It is very important that the right medicine should be selected after a thorough study of the symptoms. Constitutional treatment with the right medicine is able to cure this trouble completely.

Continue your visit with Tricky Health. We are here to make a healthy World by sharing various Medical Education on very common diseases…

By: Dr. S.L Sharma.