Showing posts with label Hypertension. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Hypertension. Show all posts

HYPERTENSION SIGN AND SYMPTOMS WITH VARIOUS HEALTH TIPS TO MAINTAIN BP

As in our previous Medical education article regarding Hypertension we have explained you about the Introduction and Various risk factors for developing Hypertension now we are going to explain you about various Sign and Symptoms, Treatment, and daily health fitness tips for controlling Hypertension. If you have not studied the previous article on “Introduction to Hypertension” Then you can CLICK HERE to read that Medical Education article.

SIGN & SYMPTOMS OF HYPERTENSION:
As before knowing that someone having hypertension, they do not show any sign and symptoms but here are some typical sign and symptoms which a hypertensive person may or may not show. These are as follows:
·         On physical examination there is elevated BP level of more than 140/90 mm hg for two consecutive readings.
·         Occasionally, retinal (eyes) changes that are haemorrhages, redness, exudates.
·         Pathological changes in kidneys (increased level of creatinine in blood)
·         Alteration in vision & speech
·         Dizziness
·         Weakness, sudden fall

TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION
When the BP is uncontrollable by changing the life style then "Adjuvant therapy" that is pharmacological therapy is started. Main classes are:
·         Diuretics
·         Beta-blockers
·         Vasodilators
·         Calcium channel blockers
·         Angiotension converting enzyme inhibitor

Expertise Health Tips to Maintain Your BP:
The following flow-chart telling the various methods to control and maintain your BP.

HEALTH TIPS ON BP

As BP control is in our own hands, so here we are telling you various daily heath care tips by which you can control and maintain your BP as well as a good health.

DIET CONTROL:
    §  Reduce your salt intake to an average not more than 5gm per day.
    §  Taking high fibre diet, high potassium diet as mentioned earlier.
    §  Moderate fat intake.
    §  Avoidance of fatty & spicy food to maximum.

WEIGHT REDUCTION/CONTROL
    §  Controlling weight to normal BMI(16-24),BMI is calculated as weight in kg/height in square meter
    §  Reducing weight by  diet regulation & by regular exercises

EXERCISE PROMOTION
   §  Regular brisk walking
   §  Regular physical activity that means to avoid sedentary life style
   §  Regular morning & evening walk for atleast one hour

BEHAVIOURAL CHANGES
   §  Stress reduction by keeping yourself tension free
   §  Yoga & meditation
   §  Avoidance of alcohol & smoking

SELF- CARE
   §  Self determination to regulate BP & to modify the life style
   §  Regular monitoring of BP
   §   If afford then can buy a BP apparatus to have your regular BP check up at home  
   §  To maintain a record book of regular BP check ups
   §  Regular follow-up with doctor & adherence to treatment regimens means regularly following the treatment

CONCLUSION
As hypertension is a life-long condition and if not treated at time can lead to many adverse effects such as heart attack so it is the individual self responsibility to have a control on it by changing his/her life style that means to have a control on diet, exercise, weight, smoking, alcohol and to follow the instructions given by physician. As one’s health is in his/her own hands so let’s not ruin it anymore be respectful to it and enjoy the healthy life as somebody says it correctly “HEALTH IS WEALTH.”

WHAT IS HYPERTENSION AND VARIOUS RISK FACTORS RELATED TO HYPERTENSION


INTRODUCTION:
Hypertension is mainly a heart related problem. In a lay man language it is high blood pressure. It is the abnormal elevation (rising) of the blood pressure than normal. It is also called “SILENT KILLER” because the people having it are symptom free means before checking their blood pressure (B.P.) they were unaware of it because previously they were not having any sign of it, so it is very important to have your regular BP check-up. As soon as you come to know that you are having hypertension then it is very important to have your regular BP monitoring because it is a life- long condition. In medical language hypertension is defined as a systolic pressure greater than 140 mm hg and a diastolic pressure greater than 90 mm hg monitored over two consecutively BP Measurements  by a licensed health professional. It is very simple to understand that as our BP comprises of two values that one is upper value called systolic pressure and a lower value called diastolic pressure. The normal person’s BP is 120/70 mm hg means 120 mm hg is the systolic pressure and 70 mm hg is the diastolic pressure .A person is said to be hypertensive when his/her BP is greater than 140/90 mm hg of two regular readings taken by a health professional. Hypertension is the major health problem it accounts for 20-50% of all deaths. 
                                        CLASSIFICATION OF HYPERTENSION
                 CLASS
SYSTOLIC BP
 (mm hg)
DIASTOLIC BP
(mm hg)
Normal
< 120
< 70 
Pre hypertension
120-139
80-89
Stage 1 hypertension
140-159
90-99
Stage 2 hypertension
>160
>100
   
Health education on hypertension
         
          Primary Hypertension: Primary hypertension is a type of Hypertension when the causes causes are generally not known & it is the main type of hypertension in people.
               Secondary Hypertension: Secondary hypertension is a type of Hypertension when it is due to some other diseases such as kidney problem etc.

These are the factors which aid in the development of hypertension means increasing the risk for causing this problem. These are categorise as “Modifiable”, means the factors which a person can modify or change to have normal BP & other one is “Non-modifiable”, which are not in the hands of a person to change them. These are described as:

Non-modifiable risk factors:
Ø  AGE: Normally BP rises with increasing age in both sexes but greater in those with higher initial BP that is the cause that elderly people have greater BP than the younger people because of some accumulated environmental & ageing influences.
Ø  SEX: In the early life there is no much difference in the BP of both sexes but at adolescence men having higher level of BP than women however in late life women having higher level of BP because of post-menopausal changes.
Ø  GENETIC FACTORS: Blood pressure levels are also inheritable as they can transfer from parents to children. Studies shows that children of two normotensive (having normal BP) parents having 3% chances of transferring it while two hypertensive parents having 45% chances of transferring it to their children.

Modifiable risk factors:
Ø  OBESITY: The main cause cum risk factor of hypertension is obesity that means having the weight more than normal. Many studies shows that as you lose your weight, BP also come down than previous one.
Ø  DIET: ØRegulation of BP also depends upon your diet. Taking less salt (< 2 gm per day)  in your diet can lead to decrease your BP. Take high fibre diet such as green leafy vegetables, fruits, salads etc. these fibres help in reducing plasma cholesterol level which is the main cause of high BP. Taking high potassium diet(banana) also helps in lowering BP as potassium antagonise (act against) the effect of sodium. Do not take too much oily & spicy food can also help in reducing BP level as these contain too much cholesterol.
Ø  SEDANTARY LIFE STYLE: Not doing physical activities such as those activities which do not require any physical energy can lead to high BP. Modern people in their daily life usually do mental work in their respected job areas but not any work which require .walking which is the main cause of high BP because it leads to fat accumulation (obesity) ultimately to hypertension.
Ø  ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS: Stress is the main environmental factor which lead to high BP because in stress there is more release of chemicals (nor epinephrine) in body which lead to high BP.
Ø ALCOHOL/SMOKING: Consumption of alcohol & smoking having increased risk of developing hypertension as these are vasoconstrictor means raising the pressure in arteries (blood carrying vessels) which lead to hypertension.
   
   To check various SIGN & SYMPTOMS OF HYPERTENSION Read our Next Article (CLICK HERE)
   
  By: Dr. Naina Sharma.