Showing posts with label medical education. Show all posts
Showing posts with label medical education. Show all posts

WHAT IS BREAST FEEDING & VARIOUS BENEFITS OF BREAST FEEDING

Continue with our Online Health Care Awareness now in this article Nursing Officer SL Sharma going to explain health care awareness on Breast feeding. The article is about  “What is Brest Feeding and How Breast Feeding is beneficial for a mother and to her Child.

WHAT IS BREASTFEEDING?
breast feedingBreastfeeding is the best natural feeding for the infant(baby). Breast milk is the best milk than the other milk for babies. Breastfeeding provides all the necessary nutrients to the baby. Breast milk is the safest, hygienic & an effective method for baby feeding. Mother’s milk is the basic & complete food to baby, it also provides emotional & psychological support to both mother as well as to the baby. 

The main cause of the infant’s death is the poor breastfeeding techniques & the practices. So a mother should be aware of the correct breastfeeding techniques & practices for the proper growth of the baby & to keep the baby away from the diseases, so in this article, we are providing you the knowledge about the breastfeeding techniques, its advantages & the medical health care tips for effective breastfeeding.

ADVANTAGES OF THE BREASTFEEDING: As earlier stated the breast milk is the safest, cheapest & most effective way of feeding to the baby. It has many advantages as compared to other ways of baby feeding such as artificial feeding, cow’s milk etc. it provides benefits to both mother as well as to the baby. These advantages are as follows, by keeping in mind these advantages one should always prefer the breastfeeding:
1). NUTRITIVE VALUE: Breast milk of a mother contains all the essential nutrients in the right proportion which are needed for the proper growth & development of the baby. 
Breast milk contains high amount of galactose & lactose which are needed for the growth & development of the baby’s brain, so it also helps in the proper growth & development of baby’s brain. 
Breast milk helps in the absorption of the calcium so it also helps in the bony development of the baby. 
It contains all the essential vitamins, proteins, electrolytes, minerals & water in the rig ht amount which are necessary for the growth & development of the baby. 
Breast milk provides the proper nutrition to the baby.
2). DIGESTIBILITY: Breast milk is easily digestible to the baby as compared to the other milk as it contains the protein which is easily digestible to the baby. 
Breast milk contains enzymes which help in the proper digestion of it that’s why it is easily digestible to baby.
3). PROTECTIVE VALUE: Breast milk contains the immunoglobulin (IgA, IgM, macrophages, lymphocytes) which have the capacity to fight against many diseases & infections so it protects the baby against many infections. 
Breast milk protects the baby from malaria, various infections, allergy, asthma & many other infections. Breast milk provides immunity to baby.
4). PSYCHOLOGICAL BENEFITS: Breast feeding provides psychological benefit to both mother as well to baby. 
Breast feeding promotes the physical as well as the emotional bondage to both the mother & baby by the frequent skin to skin contact, attention & interaction. 
Breast feeding helps in the future in making the better child-parent relationship & lessen the chances of behavioural disorders in the children. 
Breast feeding helps in the development of higher intelligence & feeling of security to infant.
5). BENEFITS TO MOTHER: Exclusive Breast feeding from a mother for the first six months acts as a contraceptive method for the mother, as due to breast feeding there is lactational amenorrhea (absence of menses) because of which mother doesn’t get pregnant. 
Lactational amenorrhea (absence of periods due to breast feeding) helps in restoring the blood means the iron store so the chances of anemia are less to mother.
Breast feeding reduces the chances of ovarian & breast cancer to mother.
It provides psychological satisfaction to mother. It is more convenient for the mother especially in the nights to provide feed to the baby.
6). BENEFITS TO THE FAMILY: Breast feeding is the most economical in terms of saving of money, time & energy of the family. 
Family will spend less on milk, care & illness as a result of the breast feeding because it is natural & also provides immunity to baby to fight with the infections.
BY KNOWING & EVALUATING ALL THESE BENEFITS ONE SHOULD ALWAYS PREFER THE BREASTFEEDING TO FED AN INFANT.
Stay Healthy and Take care of Your Baby…..Red rose

WOMEN HEALTH CARE TIPS DURING PREGNANCY TIME : Pregnancy Tips and Care

In the last article, we discussed the various health problems in women during the pregnancy period. Now in this post, Dr. SL Sharma going to share some health care tips which are very important to know and also helps a pregnant woman during her pregnancy period. So read this medical education article carefully on women's health education. If you want to access our previous article you can CLICK HERE.

HEALTH CARE TIPS DURING PREGNANCY
WOMAN HEALTH CAREThe knowledge regarding the prevention & management of common minor health problems is very important for a pregnant woman. If the women having knowledge about this then she can manage these minor problems at her own home at the earlier stages & by her own self without any one’s help. 

Here are some of the medical health care tips which can give you the enjoyment to be pregnant throughout the pregnancy. These medical health care tips are based on changing lifestyle behavior, so it is in the hands of a pregnant woman whether she is ready to change the lifestyle or following them regularly. These health tips are as follows:
To prevent the nausea & vomiting follow these medical health care tips:
1. Have the light breakfast such as dry toast, biscuits etc. 
2. Take frequent & small foods because taking a large amount of food can trigger nausea & vomiting. 
3. Avoid the personal triggering factors such as any smell, taste etc. woman can identify these factors by herself & try to avoid these. 
4. Citrus fruits such as lemon, orange etc. can also help in relieving the nausea & vomiting so try these also.
To prevent the backache follow these health care tips:
1. Always have a correct posture that means always keep you back straight during sitting, standing or walking. You can use a chair with good back support to prevent backache. 
2. While resting on your back, keep your legs at a high level than the other parts. You can do it by keeping a pillow below your legs. This helps in relaxing the hips. 
3. Do not stand or sit for a long time & do not work for a long time, have the rest periods in between the working hours. 
4. Avoid high heel shoes. 
5. Keep changing your side while sleeping; you can also use a pillow in between your legs to avoid the discomfort. 
6. Use a hard mattress to sleep this can help in maintaining a good posture during sleep. 
7. Massaging the back muscles & rest can help in relieving the backache.
To Avoid Constipation follow these health care tips:
1. Make regular bowel habits preferably at the same timings. 
2. Take plenty of fluids, green leafy vegetables, milk in the diet. High fiber diet helps in relieving the constipation. 
3. Don’t go to bed immediately after meal, have some walk & after 15-30 minutes go to bed. 
4. If stool becomes very hard causing pain then consult to doctor, he can prescribe you stool softener.
To prevent acidity & heart burn follow these health care tips:
1. Avoid over eating, have frequent & small meals. 
2. Avoid going to bed immediately after meals, have some walk before going to bed. 
3. Avoid too much oily & spicy food. 
4. Drink a lot of fluids. 
5. Sleep with elevated head by keeping pillow below the head, this helps in preventing the back flow of food contents in the food pipe. 
6. If the problem aggravate then consult to your doctor he/she may prescribe some antacids to relieve the problem.
The following medical health care tips can help in preventing the varicose veins & leg cramps:
1. Massaging & applying the local heat can help in relieving the leg cramps. 
2. Vitamin B1 intake only on prescription can also help. 
3. Avoid travelling for a long time during pregnancy. 
4. Avoid hanging your legs in the air. 
5. Always keep a stool or bench under your feet to support them. 
6. Keeping your legs elevated during rest period can also help in preventing the varicose veins. 
7. Elastic crape bandage can be applied during the movement.
To decrease the frequency of urination follows these medical health care tips:
1. Don’t limit the fluid intake. 
2. Avoid the caffeinated drinks such as coffee, coke etc. because these increase the frequency of urination. 
3. Drink appropriate amount of fluids in the day; avoid taking fluids before going to bed at night. 
4. Do kegal exercises; these are the exercises which are used to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles. These are performed in the same way like sometime we withhold (stop) the urge of urination at the places where the urination is not possible. But the main difference is that these are done with emptying bladder. 
5. Don’t withhold the urge to urinate.
A Proper Diet for a Women during pregnancy Period:
Proper Diet during pregnancy is very important for the mother’s good health as well as for the proper growth of the baby. A pregnant woman's diet should contain 2500 kcal & 60 gm of protein. A healthy pregnant woman should gain optimum weight (11 kg) during the pregnancy; this is possible only when there is optimum nutrition provided to the pregnant woman. 

A pregnant woman's diet should contain green leafy vegetables, one litre of milk, 40 mg of iron, 1000 mg of calcium, 15 mg of zinc,175 microgram of iodine & other vitamins. These can be obtained from the green leafy vegetables, meat, fish, poultry, dairy products, fruits, iodized salt, grains and cereals in adequate amounts.
OTHER IMPORTANT HEALTH CARE TIPS FOR THE PREGNANT WOMEN:
1. Take adequate rest during pregnancy. A pregnant woman should take minimum 10 hours rest; 8 hours at night & 2 hours at noon. Side lying position is better to rest, keep changing side during sleep. 
2. Take bath everyday but be careful about slipping in the bathroom, if sometime you faint in the bathroom then take support of any hard thing & sit immediately. 
3. Wear comfortable clothes, avoid high heel shoes. 
4. Perineal hygiene should be maintained, change your undergarments daily, wash & dry them properly under the sun. 
5. Iron tablets should be taken regularly, avoid taking iron tablets with the milk, prefer to take them with juice. Don’t take iron & calcium tablets together. Keep a gap of at least one hour. 
6. Avoid travelling for a long time, prefer train travelling than bus. 
7. Avoid smoking & alcohol consumption during pregnancy because the chances of abortion & small baby are more. 
8. Immunization against tetanus is very important during pregnancy. There should be one month gap between two tetanus injections. 
9. Avoid taking drugs by own self without any prescription. 
11. Attend the antenatal clinic & visit regularly according to doctor advice. You should visit the antenatal clinic at least for three times.
Have a healthy and beautiful life..God Bless You..Smile

COMMAN HEALTH PROBLEMS IN WOMEN DURING PREGNANCY TIME

COMMON HEALTH PROBLEMS IN WOMEN DURING PREGNANCY TIME
Pregnancy is the most happiest & precious tipregnancy problemsme in every woman life. There is no doubt that the arrival of a baby will change a couple’s life forever & they are not only couple now but become parents also. 
There is no need to worry about this as the enough knowledge & understanding can lead to a happy and safe life forever. In the early months of pregnancy a woman has many Health related problems which almost all women having, the knowledge about their prevention can provide a relief to a woman so it is very necessary for a pregnant woman to know about these common health related problems & the various health care tips to prevent & manage these, so in this Medical education article we are providing you the health information about the common problems during women pregnancy time along with the various health tips to prevent yourself from these health problems.
Some of the common problems in pregnant women are as follows:
NAUSEA & VOMITING: Nausea is the feeling of vomiting. Nausea & vomiting occur specially in the morning, soon after getting out of bed that’s why it is also known as “morning sickness”. They occur only for the first three months & then decrease in frequency during subsequent months. 50% of women are having both nausea & vomiting, 25% have nausea only & 25% are unaffected. There is no need to worry when you get affected by such a problem because they are the symptoms and we will also share some health care tips in our next article to take care of yourself.

BACKACHE: It is a common health problem in 50% of women during the pregnancy period. The contributing factors for backache are weight gain, faulty posture, high heel shoes or constipation. Backache can create a hindrance in the daily activities of a woman. We advised all our readers to must-read out our next article in which the expert Dr. S.L Sharma will share the health tips for pregnant women and also share some prevention that a pregnant woman must take care during her pregnancy period.

CONSTIPATION: Constipation is a common problem during pregnancy which affects almost all pregnant women. This problem is either due to hormone progesterone which causes gut atomicity means there are no peristaltic movements (propulsive efforts) in the gut or can be due to diminished activity, the pressure of the pregnant uterus (womb) on the colon because of which the passage of stool becomes difficult causing constipation.

LEG CRAMPS OR VARICOSE VEINS: In pregnancy, there is too much need of nutrients for both the mother as well as the baby, if there is a deficiency of nutrients then it can lead to many problems especially when there is the deficiency of calcium then it causes leg cramps.
Varicose veins is a condition that is caused by the pressure of the gravid (pregnant) uterus on the spine which causes an obstruction in the blood flow mainly the backflow which cause bluish coloration & the pain in the legs. Pain is mainly on the movement from one place to another.

FREQUENT URINATION: In pregnancy, the main problem is the frequent urination. This is due to the pressure of the pregnant uterus on the bladder. To overcome this problem here are some of the health care tips, by following these you can solve this problem.

In the Next article on women's health education, we will give you some important health caring tips to take care of yourself during the pregnancy period. So stay in touch with us by Liking our Facebook Page and by joining our website.

You can also CLICK HERE to get access on our next article on “Women Health Care Tips during Pregnancy Time”.

WOMEN HEALTH CARE TIPS ON DYSMENNORRHEA (PAIN DURING PERIODS)

women health educationIn our previous article we discussed about what is Dysmenorrhea and various Symptoms of Dysmenorrhea. If you want to check out that article on women health Education on Dysmenorrhea you can CLICK HERE. Now in this Medical Health education article on Women Health we provide the various health caring tips and various medical treatments to overcome these health problems.
MANAGEMENT OF DYSMENNORRHEA
Treatment of dysmenorrhea is very important as it can lead to many complications. Treatment & management of primary & secondary dysmenorrhea is different as the causes of both types are also different. Treatment of both types of dysmenorrhea is mainly divided into three types which are as follows:
1. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
2. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
3. OTHER
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT: Medical management means to treat with the help of medications here no surgical procedure is performed. This type of surgery is mainly preferred for the primary dysmenorrhea. The various medical interventions to treat dysmenorrhea are as follows:
NSAIDs: Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are common & effective drug used to treat the primary dysmenorrhea. These are mainly used to relieve the pain. The most common drugs are ibuprofen, Naproxen, Acetyl Salicylic Acid (ASA).
Hormonal contraceptives: oral contraceptives such as combined oral contraceptive pills are also used to treat the dysmenorrhea. Others contraceptives such as Depo-Provera, hormone containing intrauterine devices are also used.
Anti emetic drugs: these drugs are given to control the nausea & vomiting.
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT:  This type of treatment is mostly preferred for the secondary dysmenorrhea. The treatment of secondary dysmenorrhea depends upon the underlying disease condition. The various surgical interventions to treat the dysmenorrhea are:
  • Nerve ablation
  • Presacral neurectomy
  • Surgical fibroid removal
OTHERS: Except medical & surgical treatment there are various other treatments which are based upon the natural & psychological factors which affect the pain stimulation. These are as follows:
Exercise: exercising during menses can reduce the pain level because by exercising mainly the pelvic exercises there is increased blood supply to the uterine muscle which can automatically reduce the pain level.
Heat therapy: applying heat pads to the lower abdomen can help in relieving pain as this also improves the blood circulation to the uterine muscles.
Dietary modifications: taking vitamin B1, B12, Thiamine, vitamin E can help in reducing the pain Level to some extent. Increasing the magnesium supplements & the carbohydrate level can relieve the pain level.
Relaxation therapy: relaxation techniques such as yoga, meditation, listening soft music can help in reducing the pain level.
Acupuncture: this technique helps in exciting receptors or nerve fibres, & also blocks the pain channels & thus relieving the pain.
MEDICAL HEALTH CARE TIPS FOR THE HOME MANAGEMENT OF DYSMENORRHEA
To control the pain level & further increase in the pain level, one should have the knowledge that how to prevent these conditions & their management by themselves at their own home setting. Here are some health tips by using them you can control the symptoms of dysmenorrhea. These are as follows:
1). Apply a heating pad to your lower abdomen as soon as you start feeling pain or as soon as the menses start, but never fall asleep as there can be the burning chances. These heating pads should be applied three to four times during day time.
2). Do light exercises such as walking, running or mainly the pelvic floor exercises which can increase the blood supply to the uterine muscles & relieve the pain level.
3). Do the light circular massage to lower abdomen with your finger tips as this will also helps in improving the blood supply.
4). Drink warm beverages to reduce the pain level.
5). Eat light & frequent meals to prevent the nausea & vomiting.
6). Have diet rich in Complex carbohydrates such as whole grains, fruits, vegetables but should be low in salt, sugar, alcohol & caffeine.
7). Take warm shower or bath to improve the blood circulation.
8). Keep your legs raised while lying down & lie on one side with the knees bend.
9). Do the relaxation techniques such as yoga, listening soft music, guided imagery etc. to divert your mind.
10). Regularly do the pelvic rocking exercises as the menses start up-to the last day of menses.
11). Keep yourself stress & tension free as the tension & stress can lead to increase production of prostaglandins which increase the pain level.
12). Take diet rich in carbohydrates, vitamin B1, B12, Thiamine, vitamin E & magnesium.
13). Take the NSAIDs (non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs) two or three days before starting the regular cycle.
14). Weight can also be a possible cause of dysmenorrhea so if you have all the sign & symptoms of dysmenorrhea then try to lose your weight by regular exercises, diet control & behavior modifications.
15). Keep & maintain menstrual hygiene by changing your undergarments daily & thoroughly wash & dry them in sun. Frequently change your pad as per need.
16). If by following all these methods your dysmenorrhea symptoms do not relieved then you should consult a doctor to rule out the presence of secondary dysmenorrhea.
These are some very basic health tips that a women should know to take care of herself… Have a Healthy Life ahead……

WOMEN HEALTH EDUCATION ON MOST COMMAN PROBLEMS DURING MENSES (PERIODS)

COMMON HEALTH PROBLEM OF WOMAN
Women are having many Health problems than men. WOMEN HEALTH EDUCATIONThey are having additional problems related to their menstrual cycle, pregnancy, post partum period (after delivery) & many more other systems which differentiate their problems from the men. It is very important for the women to have knowledge regarding these health problems & their prevention & management. Making a woman knowledgeable regarding her health can benefit the whole family. The awareness of own health can benefit a woman to perform her roles & responsibilities more efficiently & smoothly. Here in this article of women health care education we are discussing different problems related to menstrual cycle (menses) like Dysmenorrheal (painful menses), menstrual hygiene, amenorrhea (absence of menses), menorrhagia (excessive bleeding), metrorrhagia (irregular bleeding) & menopause (cessation of menses).
DYSMENORRHEA: Dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain means the pain which occurs during menses, it is normal for most of the women to have mild pain during menses but some of the women have severe type of pain, here the most important thing is that this pain interferes with the normal daily life activities means these pains decrease the daily life activities efficiency by interfering with them. As by splitting the word Dysmenorrhea we can come to know the meaning that is dys + menorrhea, dys means difficult & menorrhea means menses so in simple terms it is difficult menses.
Definition of Dysmenorrhea: “Dysmenorrhea is a medical condition characterized by the pain during menses which is of severe type & interferes with normal daily life activities.”
TYPES OF DYSMENORRHEA:
1). PRIMARY DYSMENORRHEA
2). SECONDARY DYSMENORRHEA
1). PRIMARY DYSMENORRHEA: Primary Dysmenorrhea is the painful menstruation without any pelvic pathology means in this type woman is not having any gynecological problem (any reproductive tract problem). This is the most common type of dysmenorrhea which affects many women. It is characterized by pain that begins before or after the initiation of menstrual flow & continues for 48 to 72 hours. As women become older, primary dysmenorrhea decreases & resolves after child birth.
2). SECONDARY DYSMENORRHEA: Secondary dysmenorrhea is the menstrual pain that is because of some kind of pelvic/gynecological problem or disease such as endometriosis, gynecological tumor or Pelvic Inflammatory Disease. In this type pain starts several days before menses & prolonged to more days as compared to primary dysmenorrhea.
CAUSES OF DYSMENORHEA
The causes of dysmenorrhea are different for the primary & secondary type of dysmenorrhea.
CAUSES FOR PRIMARY DYSMENORRHEA: The main cause of primary type of dysmenorrhea is excessive production of prostaglandin hormone that is responsible for causing the uterine contractions during menstruations & because of these uterine contractions, blood vassals constrict & there will be low blood supply to uterine muscles means low oxygen supply to muscles as blood is carrying the oxygen to the different organs as a result of this there will be vasospasm of uterine vassals as well as the ischemia of the uterine muscles which cause the pain called as primary dysmenorrhea. Anxiety, stress or tensions are also contributing factors for the development of primary dysmenorrhea.
CAUSES FOR SECONDARY DYSMENORRHEA: The cause of secondary dysmenorrhea is the presence of other pelvic pathological conditions such as Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, endometriosis, tumors, uterine fibroids or the use of any Intra Uterine Device (IUD) as a contraceptive method. This type can be treated with medications as it is not auto resolved.
SIGN & SYMPTOMS OF DYSMENORRHEA
1). PAIN: Pain is the main symptom of dysmenorrhea. It occurs in the lower abdomen during menstruation, may be felt in your hips or lower back. The pain usually starts before the onset (start) of menses or during the menses & continue to 24 to 72 hours, firstly its intensity increases during first 24 hours & then the pain subside (decrease) during second or third day. The pain can be spasmodic means sharp pelvic pain or can be dull pain.
2). Nausea & vomiting
3). Constipation or diarrhea
4). Felling of fullness of abdomen
5). Headache
6). Dizziness
7). Hypersensitivity to sound, smell & touch
8). Fainting
9). Fatigue
DIAGNOSIS OF DYSMENORRHEA
How the doctors or any woman can identify that woman having dysmenorrhea, this is very simple to diagnose the dysmenorrhea by following these examinations:
Medical history: if any woman having the above sign & symptoms which interfere with the daily life activities then she is said to be having dysmenorrhea.
Pelvic examination: pelvis examination that can be internal or external is performed to rule out any pelvic inflammatory disease, any strictures, any polyp etc. internal pelvic examination is done by introducing the fingers into the vagina only after taking the consent from the client. Speculum examinations & PAP smear tests are done to rule out any pathological condition.
Gynaecological ultrasound: this can be performed to rule out any structure abnormality
Laparoscopy: this is done to directly observe the pelvic organs for any structural abnormality.
In the Next article of Women Health Care we will discussed various Treatment methods and Health Care tips for Dysmenorrhea.
CLICK HERE to check out the “Various Health Tips and Treatment Methods of Dysmenorrhea”. (The Link will be active on the Next Day)

MEDICAL EDUCATION ON THE TREATMENT OF SKIN CANCER

As we all know that Prevention is better than cure, so everyone should be aware of the causes & prevention of skin cancer so that we can take effective measures to prevent themselves from skin cancer so one should follow the preventive measures which we have already discussed in the previous article. To read that one article you can CLICK HERE to get access to the previous articles.

TREATMENT OF SKIN CANCER
The goal of treatment is to eradicate the tumor. The treatment of skin cancer depends upon the tumor location, involved cell type, depth, invasion, metastasis (spreading of the tumor to another organ) & cosmetic desire of the client. The treatment is of the following two types:
  • SURGERY TREATMENT
  • RADIATION THERAPY TREATMENT
SURGICAL TREATMENT: The primary goal of surgical tSKIN CANCER TREATMENTreatment is to remove the tumor cell totally & also involves the some of the normal skin. In this the tumor is excised and the skin is sutured in layers to enhance the cosmetic appearance, if the tumor is large then grafting is done means skin graft is taken from another site & grafted there. Here are some of the surgical procedures which can be done to treat the skin cancer:
  • Mohs’ microscopic surgery: This type of surgical procedure is most accurate method of skin cancer treatment. In this procedure the tumor is removed layer by layer, first layer removes all the tumor skin & small margin of the normal appearing cell & then the cells are frozen & analysed microscopically to determine whether all the tumor cells are removed or not, if not removed then the further surrounding cells excision is done keeping in mind the cosmetic appearance.
  • Electro surgery: This type of surgical procedure is done for the tumor cells having diameter less than 2cm. in this the tumor tissue is destroyed by using the electric energy. The current is converted to heat which is then applied to the tumor tissue usually after scrapping the area with a curette. In this procedure healing occurs within one month.
  • Cryosurgery: In this type of surgical procedure the tumor tissue is destroyed by freezing it. A thermocouple needle is used & liquid nitrogen is used to destroy the tumor cells. The tumor tissue is frozen, allow to thaw & then refrozen again, in this way the tumor destruction takes place. In this procedure healing occurs within one to two months.
RADIATION THERAPY: In radiation therapy the high energy rays such as x-rays or the particles such as electron or protons are used to kill the tumor cells. This is a painless procedure but require frequent course of radiations. Radiation therapy is beneficial for the patients who are not fit for the surgery because of the poor health or it is used as a primary treatment for large tumors to reduce their surface area. Radiation therapy can be used before the surgery or after the surgery as an adjuvant to completely remove the tumor.
Stay Healthy………..Smile
We will continue with our Medical Health Education to aware the World regarding the various health problems….

MEDICAL EDUCATION ON RISK FACTORS AND SYMPTOMS OF SKIN CANCER

UntitledAs our on-going topic is on medical education on Skin Cancer now in this post we are going to elaborate various risk factors along with sign and Symptoms for skin cancer. If you want to read our previous article on the “What is Skin Cancer” you can CLICK HERE to get the access.
RISK FACTORS FOR SKIN CANCER
These are the factors which increase the chances of skin cancer means they aggravate the existing or the occurrence of a disease. These risk factors may be environmental or hereditary. A person can change his/her life style to get rid of these risk factors. So here are some of the risk factors which increase the chances to get skin cancer:
FAIR SKIN PEOPLE: People having Fair skin, fair hairs, blue eyes are more prone to have skin cancer because these people have insufficient skin pigmentation to protect the underlying tissues from the harmful radiations & they get affected by ultraviolet radiations very easily & have skin cancer easily.
SUN EXPOSURE: The people who are having chronic sun exposure means the people who are exposed to sun since a long time such as in some type of occupations like farming, laboring etc. are more prone to have skin cancer.
CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS: Exposure of workers to some factory chemicals such as arsenic, nitrates, coal, tar, oils, paraffin etc increases the chances to get the skin cancer.
ELDERLY PEOPLE: Elderly people are prone to have skin cancer because they are having sun damaged skin due to prolong exposure to sun & due to ageing factors.
PREVIOUS X-RAY THERAPY: people who are having a history of previous x-ray therapy for acne treatment etc are at a increased risk to get skin cancer.
GENETIC FACTORS: People who are having first or second degree relatives with skin cancer they are also at an increased risk to have skin cancer because the cancerous gene can transfer from parents to children.
SIGN & SYMPTOMS OF SKIN CANCER
The features of skin cancer depends upon the different types of the cells which they involve so some of the features of skin cancer according to the cell or tissue involvement are here, which a person can identify only by seeing them:
Basal cell carcinoma usually begins as a small, waxy nodule with rolled, pearly borders & usually appears in the most sun exposed area. As these nodules grow they undergo crusting & these are usually not spread to surrounding structures.
Squamous cell carcinomas develop from the epidermis & are of greater concern because in these chances of metastasis are more. These are usually appear on sun damaged area but may be developed from the normal skin. These appear as rough, thickened, scaly tumor that may be symptom free or may involve bleeding. Therclip_image002e is more inflammation (swelling) at the borders of these tumors as compared to basal cell carcinoma & are also wider. Exposed area especially upper extremities, face, lower lip, ears, nose & forehead are common sites.
Malignant melanomas are characterized by brown, black mixed with gray, blue black or white circular lesions with irregular borders. The margins of the lesion may be flat or elevated. Some types of malignant melanomas are also spherical, blueberry shaped with a smooth, uniform surface. These can be described as a blood blister that fails to resolve. These types of melanomas invade the dermis so these are metastatic means spread from one site (organ) to another site & this is the reason that the cure rate of this type of skin cancer is very poor.
In our Next Medical Health Education article we are going to discussed Various Treatment Techniques to get rid of Skin Cancer. So we with us continuously and we will post very soon….

WHAT IS SKIN CANCER AND VARIOUS TYPES OF SKIN CANCER

MEDICAL EDUCATION ON SKIN CANCER

INTRODUCTION:  What is Skin Cancer?

What is Skin CancerSkin cancer is the most common type of cancer in the World. It mainly affects the labourers, road workers. Skin cancer mainly affects the skin of the face, neck & the other parts are mostly exposed to sun & the ultraviolet radiation. Awareness and quality medical education about skin cancer can prevent a person of having skin cancer. 

As skin cancer is easily detectable and is the most successfully treated type of cancer. Early diagnosis and skin cancer treatment can lead to preventing its metastatic (spreading to other organs) form. Extreme exposure to sun & ultraviolet radiations is the main & primarily cause of developing skin cancer.

TYPES OF SKIN CANCER
Types of skin cancer depend upon the type of cells from where they have developed. Our skin is made up of different layers so the name & type of tumor is on the basis of the layer from where they have developed. Mainly there are three types of skin cancer which are further categories into different types. The different types & description of these types are as follows:
1). BENIGN SKIN TUMOR
2). BASAL CELL & SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
3). MALIGNANT CELL TUMOR
1). BENIGN SKIN TUMOR: These are the tumors that are localized only to the site where they develop means they don’t have the tendency to spread to nearby organs. These are as follows:
CYSTS: These are the types of tumors that are developed from the epithelium layer & are characterized by the cavities that contain fluid or solid material. These may also develop from the sebaceous (sweat) glands.
WARTS: This type of benign tumor caused by infection with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). These usually develop on the sole of foot or in the genital area & are sexually transmitted.
ANGIOMAS: These develop from the subcutaneous tissue of the skin. They are present at the time of birth as violet-red patches & later in volute with-in first year of life as port wine angiomas.
MOLES: These are yellowish brown to black in colour & are flat lesions that contain hair inside it. These can lead to malignancy so the removal in earlier stages is very important to prevent malignancy.
KELOIDS: These are the overgrowth of fibrous tissue at the site of a scar or trauma. These are more common in the dark skin people.
DERMATOFIBROMA: These are the benign tumors of the connective tissues & are mainly develop in the extremities. These are skin colured or bright pink in colour.
2). BASAL CELL & SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA:
a). BASAL CELL CARCINOMA: It is the most common type of skin cancer & generally appear on the sun exposed area of people who are exposed to intense sun. It is small, waxy nodule mostly appear on face. It undergoes central ulceration & crusting as grows. The chances of metastasis are very low but the chances of re-occurrence are very high.
b). SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA: It is malignant type developed from the epidermis. It appears on the sun damaged area. It is metastasized by the blood or lymphatic system, this type of cancer is mainly responsible for cancer deaths.
3). MALIGNANT CELL TUMOR: In this type of cancer melanocytes are present in the dermis, epidermis or sometimes in the subcutaneous tissues. The main cause of the malignant tumors is ultra violet radiations. This type of cancer is more lethal than other types.
In the upcoming article on Medical education we will share various Health caring tips those will help you in preventing your Skin from Skin cancer. So Check out our Next upcoming article onMEDICAL HEALTH CARE TIPS TO PREVENT SKIN CANCER ” .
 

MEDICAL EDUCATION ON DRY EYE SYNDROME ALONG WITH EYE CARING HEALTH TIPS

Medical Health Education on Eye Care Tips

TAKE CARE OF YOUR EYES……

The dry eye syndrome is a common condition, caused due to various lifestyle factors like air pollution, smoking, vehicular smoke, excessive use of gadgets like computers, iPods, mobiles, and the also use of air conditioners, heaters etc. Other factors like sedentary habits, excessive use of various cosmetics and chemicals can have an impact on the quality of our vision.

Hormonal changes are also a cause of the dry eye syndrome (DES); causing changes in tear production e.g. menopausal women are most often affected by dry eye. Older men are also affected by this problem. Nearly 50 percent of the population suffers from this problem. However, it is more prevalent among women and older individuals.
Eye care tips
What is Dry eye syndrome?
Sometimes people don't produce enough tears or the right quality of tears to keep their eyes healthy and moist. 
This condition is known as dry eye. In a normal eye there is a tear film in front of the cornea that lubricates, nourishes, and protects the eye from dust and other irritants. Spread by blinking (about every six seconds), it keeps the surface of the eye optically clear and smooth, and also protects from infection. 
This film has several layers of fluid viz. the lipid, or oil layer; the watery layer; and mucus layer and is not like ordinary water in its composition. 
All three layers of tears in human eyes are very necessary for the proper lubrication. The Persons with dry eye syndrome have tears that are mostly water and evaporate quickly, providing little protection to the eye.
Symptoms:
Dry eyes are dry, irritated and uncomfortable eyes. Sometimes excess production of water from the lachrymal gland in dry eyes results in watery eyes.

Other symptoms include eye strain, sensitivity to light, headache, blurred vision, pain and foreign body sensation, itching in the eyes, red or burning eyes. Even repeated splashing of water in the eyes does not give any relief, instead, it worsens the condition.

People prone to DES may also find their eyes feel more uncomfortable after reading or watching television at a stretch. Constant eye strain can result in headaches or neck-ache, which may be the leading symptom.

If not treated early the dry eyes can progress to ulcer formation and opacity of the cornea resulting in permanent loss of vision.

Health Tips to prevent dry eyes:
Avoid direct blowing of air in eyes from hair dryers, car heaters, air conditioners or fans.
Add moisture to the air e g a humidifier can add moisture to indoor air.
While swimming wear wraparound glasses or eyeglass shields or swim goggles.
Take frequent breaks while reading some document or working on your PC (Personal Computer). Blink your eyes frequently.

Be aware of your environment. Air at high altitudes, desert areas and in the airplanes can be really dry. Close eyes repeatedly to minimise evaporation.

Position the computer screen below eye level. This will slow the evaporation of tears between eye blinks.

Stop smoking and avoid vehicular and other smoke.

Always Wear the sunglasses when you are outside to reduce the harmful exposure of sun, wind and dust to your eyes.

Do not use any eye drops meant for the normal eyes.

Avoid long term contact lens wear. Avoid surgery that involves making incisions in or removing tissue from the cornea i.e. laser correction of myopia, if you have dry eye problem.

Dry eye syndromeTreatment: Eye drops called artificial tears are used as substitute tears. If you need to use artificial tears more than every 2 hr, preservative-free brands may be better for you. These lubricate the eyes and help maintain moisture. 

The use of cyclosporine drops, work by stimulating tear production. It treats the underlying inflammation that's causing the problem, but only 25 percent to 30 percent of patients are benefited and cyclosporine doesn't work in every patient. 

Steroid eye drops may also be used occasionally. Surgical options include Lacrisert, a tiny insert filled with a lubricating ingredient (hydroxylpropyl cellulose) placed just inside the lower eyelid, where it constantly releases the lubrication. 

Another option is to close outlet channels temporarily with plugs to conserve your own tears and make artificial tears last longer. One more option is to permanently seal the opening of tear ducts by using heat cautery. Supplementary measures may include drinking more water to improve general hydration of the body, treating any inflammation of the lids and the measures mentioned under prevention.

Some individuals may find dry eye relief by supplementing their diet with Omega-3 fatty acids, which are found naturally in foods like oily fish (salmon, sardines, anchovies) and flax seeds.
That’s it about this Medical education on Dry eye syndrome. Take care of your eyes by using these precaution and prevention. If you do not take it seriously then you will lose your vision….Have a healthy and bright life ahead…. Red rose
Sources: News Paper and books.